TEXTO DE APOIO (clique para abrir / fechar)
Para responder à questão de número 02, considere o texto a seguir.
Strange as it may seem, food has replaced tobacco as the leading cause of early death globally. Each year,more people die in America from illnesses caused by poor diet than were killed fighting in every war in US history combined. In the UK the situation is equally 1. dire. Officially, the health effects of food are entirely due to its nutritional content – the amount of fat, salt, sugar and fibre it contains. The current system leaves it up to you to read the detailed information on the pack and decide how much to eat based on recommended values, and if you have children, you’ll need to know the values for them too. This is nigh-on impossible for most people – but even if you were able to calculate exactly how much fat, salt and sugar you were consuming in each 2. mouthful, you would still be neglecting one vital determinant of health – how the food was processed. You might feel like you’ve heard all this before. People have expressed concern about “processed food” for a long time, but it’s not always been an easy concept to 3. pin down. After all, we have been processing food for hundreds of thousands of years. The human diet was invented by primarily female domestic scientists who modified plants and animals by milling, shaking, pounding and grinding them, or altering them via fermentation and heat, before salting, smoking and drying them for preservation. Food processing has shaped almost every aspect of our bodies: we have the shortest guts of any animal our size because part of their job is outsourced to our kitchens. We are the only animal that must process its food to survive. Processing is fine.
But just over a decade ago a team of scientists in Brazil noticed a 4. paradox in the data from their national nutrition surveys. Obesity had gone from being rare, to being the country’s dominant public health problem – even though people were buying less oil and sugar. What theywere eating more of was industrially processed food: biscuits, emulsified breads, confectionary and so on. The team developed a definition that distinguished between traditional food, whole or processed, and these items, which they termed ultra processed foods, or UPFs for short.
Disponível no link: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/may/15/the-big-idea-why-we-need-a-new-definition-of-junk-food. Acesso em: May, 15 2023.
QUESTÃO
Choose the alternative whose bold words have similar meanings in the sentences.
1. dire: terrible; 2. mouthful: an amount of food that you put into your mouth; 3. pin down: to understand, describe; 4. paradox: the statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas.
1. dire: terrible; 2. mouthful: an amount of food that you put into your mouth; 3. pin down: force someone to be specific and make the intentions clear; 4. paradox: the statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas.
1. dire: serious; 2. mouthful: an amount of food that you put into your mouth; 3. pin down: to understand, describe; 4. paradox: unkind joke or to show that you are annoyed.
1. dire: serious; 2. mouthful: an amount of food that you put into your mouth; 3. pin down: a piece of metal with a sharp point at one end; 4. paradox: the statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas.
1. dire: terrible; 2. mouthful: an illness that someone has in the mouth; 3. pin down: to understand, describe; 4. paradox: the statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas.
🔐 Gabarito (clique para revelar)
🧭 Leitura orientada
A questao exige reconhecimento de sinonimia contextual das palavras em negrito: dire, mouthful, pin down e paradox.
O foco nao e interpretacao ampla do texto, mas compreensao precisa de vocabulario dentro do contexto apresentado.
🔍 Analise termo por termo
1. dire
No trecho “the situation is equally dire”,
a palavra indica algo muito grave/terrivel.
Sinonimos adequados: serious ou terrible.
2. mouthful
Refere-se literalmente a
uma quantidade de comida colocada na boca.
3. pin down
No contexto “not always been an easy concept to pin down”,
significa definir claramente, compreender, descrever com precisao.
4. paradox
Indica uma situacao aparentemente contraditoria,
algo que parece impossivel por conter ideias opostas.
🔍 Analise alternativa por alternativa (com pegadinhas)
(A) ✅ Correta — GABARITO
Todos os significados apresentados correspondem corretamente
ao uso contextual no texto.
(B) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: definicao inadequada de “pin down”.
“Force someone to be specific” nao corresponde ao uso do texto,
que trata de definir/compreender conceito.
(C) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: definicao incorreta de “paradox”.
“Unkind joke” nao tem relacao com o significado da palavra.
(D) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: sentido literal errado para “pin down”.
A definicao apresentada refere-se a objeto fisico (alfinete),
nao ao phrasal verb usado no texto.
(E) ❌ Errada
Pegadinha: erro no significado de “mouthful”.
Nao se trata de doenca na boca,
mas de quantidade de alimento.
🧠 Resumo B3GE™ Master
✔ Questao de vocabulario contextual.
✔ Dire = grave/terrivel.
✔ Mouthful = quantidade de comida na boca.
✔ Pin down = definir/compreender com precisao.
✔ Paradox = situacao aparentemente contraditoria.
🔎 Gabarito confirmado: (A)